The basic knowledge of steel structure is combed

When we talk about steel structures, we usually refer to buildings or engineering structures constructed using steel. The following is a comprehensive review of the basic knowledge of steel structure:

1. Definition and advantages of steel structure

Steel structure refers to the structural system using steel as the main structural material. It has the following advantages:

High strength and rigidity: Steel has high strength and rigidity, so that the steel structure can withstand large loads and deformation.

Plasticity and toughness: Steel has good plasticity and toughness, which is conducive to the deformation and seismic performance of the structure.

Light weight: Compared with the concrete structure, the unit weight carrying capacity of the steel structure is higher, reducing the building's own weight and saving the basic cost.

Fast construction speed: Prefabrication and welding of steel structures can be carried out in the factory, reducing site construction time.

Reusable: Steel can be recycled and reused, which is conducive to sustainable development and environmental protection.

2. Components of steel structure

Steel structures are usually composed of the following components:

Beam: Horizontal load bearing member, mainly used to transfer floor or roof load to the column.

Columns: Vertical loads carry members, support beams and roof loads, and transfer the loads to the foundation.

Frame: The overall structure composed of beams and columns is the main load-bearing part of the steel structure.

Roofing and siding: Members overlaid on frames that form the outer skin of a building.

Connectors: Components used to connect beams, columns, and frames. Common connections include welding, bolts, and rivets.

Foundation: The foundation used to support the entire steel structure, usually with a concrete foundation.

3. Design and construction of steel structure

The design and construction of steel structures is a complex process that requires compliance with relevant standards and specifications. The main steps include:

Structural design: According to the use of the building, load requirements and construction conditions and other factors, design the appropriate steel structure scheme. The design should consider strength, stiffness, stability and seismic performance.

Material selection: Select the appropriate steel, commonly used including ordinary carbon structural steel and high-strength steel.

Drawing: Drawing detailed construction drawings according to the design scheme, including component size, connection method and other information.

Prefabrication and processing: The steel is prefabricated and processed in the factory to produce beams, columns and other components, and corrosion protection treatment.

On-site construction: the prefabricated components are transported to the site for assembly and connection to form a complete steel structure.

Acceptance and monitoring: Acceptance of the steel structure to ensure that it meets the design requirements. Regular monitoring and maintenance are also required during the use phase.

4. Application field of steel structure

Steel structures are widely used in various fields, including but not limited to:

Commercial buildings: such as office buildings, shopping centers and hotels.

Industrial buildings: such as factories, warehouses and power plants.

Bridges: such as road Bridges and railway Bridges.

Sports venues: such as gymnasiums and stadiums.

High-rise buildings: such as skyscrapers and high-rise residential buildings.

In general, steel structures have become an indispensable part of modern architecture and engineering because of their good performance and flexible design characteristics.